Operational Risk Management

The decision to employ Civil Air Patrol resources in any operation must be made with great care. All personnel must be fully aware of the risks involved. Operational Risk Management (ORM) is a structured, six-step process designed to identify, assess, and mitigate risks while improving mission performance. CAP has formally adopted ORM for all activities to ensure safety and effectiveness during missions.

ORM is applied at three levels—Deliberate, Time-Critical, and Strategic—each of which is tailored to the specific nature and timing of the activity.

Deliberate ORM

Deliberate ORM is a comprehensive, detailed application of the ORM process. It involves collaboration and brainstorming to identify hazards and implement risk controls, making it most effective when done in a group setting. This type of ORM is typically performed well in advance during the planning stages of an activity, such as a flight clinic, cadet activity, or disaster response planning. The deliberate approach allows for thoughtful integration of risk controls into operational plans, ensuring that hazards are addressed early.

Time-Critical ORM

Time-Critical ORM is a rapid, on-the-spot application of the ORM process, often used during the execution phase of a mission. It involves quick mental or verbal assessments of risk in dynamic or time-constrained situations. Tools such as staff briefings and checklists help identify areas of risk when immediate decisions are needed. This method is particularly useful when unexpected events occur during a planned operation, requiring fast yet informed decision-making.

Strategic ORM

Strategic (or In-Depth) ORM is applied to complex operations where the risks and hazards are not fully understood. This long-term approach involves detailed research, analysis, and monitoring of risks over time. Strategic ORM is typically used for high-visibility risks, requiring significant time and resources. In addition to risk mitigation, strategic ORM can be used to expand operational capabilities and improve the realism of training exercises. About half of ORM efforts should focus on enhancing capabilities, while the other half is directed at minimizing risk.

ORM in CAP Operations

ORM is intended to be an integral part of every CAP operation and decision-making process, whether during mission planning or real-time execution. CAP personnel are encouraged to incorporate ORM into their daily activities, both in and out of CAP missions, to ensure safety and preparedness at all times. For more detailed information, members can consult their Safety Officer or visit the CAP Safety Website.

ORM Training and Resources

Additional ORM training is available for all CAP personnel through CAP’s eLearning Platform.

For a quick reference during operations, common questions that incident staff should consider when applying ORM can be found in Risk Management Assessment Questions located under the Related Documents section to the right.